On December 6th, according to foreign news reports, according to a paper recently published in the journal Nature, e-cigarettes experience DNA changes, which are similar to those of smokers—not so obvious.

Crucially, this evidence is based on a small number of people checking their DNA changes during analysis, similar to creating a snapshot image, without considering any potential changes in e-cigarettes or smoking behavior in the future. The study did not provide real-world evidence of poor human health related to e-cigarettes.

The study tried to distinguish the effects of e-cigarettes from the damage caused by smoking, but this is difficult because most users use e-cigarettes to help them quit smoking, so they are likely to be former smokers.

An important result of this analysis is hidden in the paper. Smokers have about 7.4 times higher damage genes than e-cigarettes. Therefore, what this study found is what we already know: E-cigarettes are not completely risk-free, but they are much less risky than smoking.

Transcriptomics (the study of gene readings in cells) used in this study is a very promising field, which explores the molecular mechanisms and potential processes that lead to the future development of cancer. However, it cannot currently be used to accurately predict future cancer risks.

The study recruited relatively few people, but it did not represent the population. And it does not consider other lifestyle habits that may affect the measurement, such as oral drinking.

Studies have shown that switching from smoking to e-cigarettes can bring health benefits, such as improving the respiratory symptoms and lung function of asthma patients, or improving measures that predict the future development of the disease, such as cardiovascular vascular function.

Other studies have shown that compared with current smokers, e-cigarette users who have ever smoked are exposed to much less toxins. It is important to review all the evidence supporting the harm reduction effects of e-cigarettes as a smoking alternative.

Sadly, studies that do not examine the direct clinical effects can easily be interpreted and reported as evidence of health damage.

A headline in the "Daily Mail" pointed out: Electronic cigarettes can damage DNA and increase the risk of cancer like cigarettes. Although the second part of the title provides a balance: it is not as bad as traditional smoking, but the damage to public perception may have been caused.

No one claims that e-cigarettes are completely risk-free. Inhaling anything into the lungs may cause DNA changes, which increases the risk of future diseases. For example, inhaling the fumes of diesel cars has been shown to cause DNA changes. In the public interest, the focus should be on reducing injuries, because it is impossible to prevent all injuries.

Many people rely on nicotine physically. People may first use nicotine through smoking, or in less common cases, may start using nicotine through e-cigarettes. Once dependent, it is difficult to quit. If you try to stop, you will suffer unpleasant withdrawal symptoms and experience cravings.

Some people, especially with support, can overcome nicotine dependence. Others find it more difficult or don't want to stop using nicotine.

For these people, public health doctors must use e-cigarettes or use nicotine replacement products to encourage smokers to use nicotine in a way that reduces harm. Continuing to smoke and use nicotine will cause huge losses to people's health. The World Health Organization estimates that tobacco causes more than 8 million deaths each year.

It is irresponsible to report sensational headlines to the public based on complex studies, and these studies actually do not show any real-world harm. Especially compared with the huge health hazards of smoking.

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